Feasibility of bioremediation of trichloroethylene contaminated sites by nitrifying bacteria through cometabolism with ammonia.

The autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas sp.) are able to dechlorinate trichloroethylene (TCE) through cometabolism using ammonia (NH(3)) as a growth substrate. Cometabolic kinetics models suggest that TCE is a potent competitive inhibitor of NH(3) oxidation because it competes with NH(3) for oxidation by the enzyme of ammonia monooxygenase (AMO). In this study, an enriched culture of nitrifying bacteria was used to investigate the efficiencies of cometabolism of TCE by AMO. In addition, the relationships among specific growth substrate (NH(3)) utilization rate (qNH(3)), specific nongrowth substrate (TCE) cometabolic rate (qTCE), NH(3) and TCE concentrations, and NH(3)/TCE and TCE/NH(3) ratios were also analyzed. We found that the relationships between qNH(3) and NH(3) for the systems with and without TCE followed the Alvarez-Cohen competitive inhibition model and Monod model, respectively. Our results demonstrate that TCE could be cometabolized in a nitrification system when sufficient oxygen and NH(3)200 microg/l) were also found to show inhibitory effects towards NH(3) oxidation in enriched nitrifying culture. We also found that the NH(3)/TCE ratio rather than TCE concentrations alone exhibited strong correlation with qNH(3), much the same as the Ely activity recovery model presented. Our results suggest that the relationship between qTCE and TCE concentrations followed the Oldenhuis enzyme inactivation model for systems without NH(3).