Prual A
Ministère de la Santé et des Affaires Sociales, Nouakchott, République Islamique de Mauritanie.
Sante Publique. 1999 Jun;11(2):155-65.
According to the World Health Organization, 585,000 women die each year from a pregnancy-related cause, 99% of whom are from developing countries. The first International Conference on Safe Motherhood in 1987 sensitized the world community to this drama. Ever since, maternal mortality and its medical causes are better known. The maternal mortality ratio is highest in West Africa (1,020 maternal deaths per 100,000 live borns) when it is 27/100,000 in industrialized countries. Direct obstetric causes account for 80% of the deaths: hemorrhage, infection, dystocia, hypertension and abortion. Indirect causes are essentially anemia, malaria, hepatitis C and AIDS. Severe maternal morbidity is 6 to 10 times more frequent than maternal mortality but it also leads to handicaps which end up often in women's social rejection. However, WHO estimates that 95% of these deaths and handicaps are avoidable, and at a low cost.
据世界卫生组织统计，每年有58.5万名妇女死于与妊娠相关的原因，其中99%来自发展中国家。1987年召开的首届安全孕产国际会议让国际社会关注到了这一悲剧。自那时起，孕产妇死亡率及其医学成因已广为人知。西非的孕产妇死亡率最高（每10万例活产中有1020例孕产妇死亡），而工业化国家的这一比例为27/10万。直接产科原因占死亡病例的80%：出血、感染、难产、高血压和流产。间接原因主要是贫血、疟疾、丙型肝炎和艾滋病。严重孕产妇发病率比孕产妇死亡率高6至10倍，但它也会导致残疾，最终往往致使妇女遭到社会排斥。然而，世卫组织估计，这些死亡和残疾中有95%是可以避免的，而且成本很低。
