Cuny E J, Fredekind R, Budenz A W
University of the Pacific School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
J Calif Dent Assoc. 1999 Jul;27(7):525-30.
In September 1998, a California Assembly bill was signed into law that requires significant changes to the Cal/OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. As of July 1, 1999, all health care employers in the state must begin providing sharps safety devices. For dentistry, this means a shift from the traditional needles to safety needles with engineered built-in safety mechanisms. Some exceptions are provided in this new regulatory change. There is no reliable data on the safety and efficacy of the available devices. This article explores the regulatory changes and begins to provide information on the devices available. Design features, usability by the practitioner, and safety to the patient are important issues to consider when deciding whether these devices are appropriate for dental anesthesia. Most practitioners will find it difficult to conduct an independent evaluation and must rely on information in the professional literature to help guide their decisions.
1998年9月，一项加利福尼亚州议会法案签署成为法律，该法案要求对加利福尼亚职业安全与健康管理局（Cal/OSHA）的血源性病原体标准进行重大修改。截至1999年7月1日，该州所有医疗保健雇主必须开始提供锐器安全装置。对于牙科领域而言，这意味着要从传统针头转向具有工程内置安全机制的安全针头。这项新的监管变化提供了一些例外情况。目前尚无关于现有装置安全性和有效性的可靠数据。本文探讨了监管变化，并开始提供有关现有装置的信息。在决定这些装置是否适用于牙科麻醉时，设计特点、从业者的易用性以及对患者的安全性是需要考虑的重要问题。大多数从业者会发现很难进行独立评估，必须依靠专业文献中的信息来帮助指导他们的决策。
