Aitken C J, Siddle D A, Lipp O V
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Psychophysiology. 1999 Nov;36(6):699-705.
Two experiments examined the effects of visually presented threat and nonthreat word lead stimuli on blink modification among unselected young adults (Experiment 1, N = 35) and participants selected for low and high trait anxiety (Experiment 2, N = 60). The blink reflex was elicited by a white noise probe of 105 dB. Lead stimulus intervals of 60, 120, 240, and 2000 ms were used in both experiments. Prepulse inhibition was observed at the 240-ms interval and prepulse facilitation was observed at the 60-ms interval in both experiments. Also, greater facilitation was found in both experiments during threat words at the 60-ms interval and greater inhibition during threat words at the 240-ms interval. Experiment 2 provided some evidence that the greater facilitation during threat words than during nonthreat words at the 60-ms probe interval may be found in high trait anxious participants, but not in low trait anxious participants. The results are discussed in relation to contemporary information processing theories of anxiety.
两项实验研究了视觉呈现的威胁性和非威胁性单词引导刺激对未经过筛选的年轻人（实验1，N = 35）以及根据特质焦虑水平分为低焦虑和高焦虑的参与者（实验2，N = 60）眨眼反应改变的影响。眨眼反射由105分贝的白噪声探针诱发。两个实验均采用了60、120、240和2000毫秒的引导刺激间隔。在两个实验中，均在240毫秒间隔时观察到前脉冲抑制，在60毫秒间隔时观察到前脉冲易化。此外，在两个实验中，60毫秒间隔时威胁性单词期间的易化作用更强，240毫秒间隔时威胁性单词期间的抑制作用更强。实验2提供了一些证据，表明在60毫秒探测间隔时，高特质焦虑参与者在威胁性单词期间比非威胁性单词期间有更大的易化作用，但低特质焦虑参与者并非如此。研究结果结合当代焦虑信息加工理论进行了讨论。
