Jensen A B, Christiansen D B, Coulthard K, Wilkins A, Roberts G, Walt J H, Rasmussen M
Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2000;10(1):69-75. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00401.x.
In this patient, parent and investigator blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study, children undergoing tonsillectomy (mean age 6.4 years) received either intravenous placebo (n=36) or tropisetron 0.2 mg.kg-1 up to 5 mg (n=35) at induction of anaesthesia with halothane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. Morphine and paracetamol were given in theatre for postoperative pain. Episodes of vomiting were recorded during the first 24 h after surgery. Intravenous tropisetron was significantly (P<0.001, chi-squared) more effective than placebo in controlling the incidence and frequency of emesis during the first 24 h: vomiting was reduced from 89% to 46% and the mean number of vomits from 4.6 to 2.4. Minor side-effects occurred equally in both the placebo and active groups. Intravenous tropisetron is an effective and safe antiemetic for reducing postoperative vomiting in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.
在这项针对患儿及研究者设盲、随机、安慰剂对照的研究中，接受扁桃体切除术的儿童（平均年龄6.4岁）在使用氟烷、氧化亚氮和氧气诱导麻醉时，静脉注射安慰剂（n = 36）或托烷司琼0.2mg·kg-1（最大剂量5mg，n = 35）。术中给予吗啡和对乙酰氨基酚用于术后镇痛。记录术后24小时内的呕吐发作情况。静脉注射托烷司琼在控制术后24小时内呕吐的发生率和频率方面显著（P<0.001，卡方检验）优于安慰剂：呕吐发生率从89%降至46%，平均呕吐次数从4.6次降至2.4次。安慰剂组和治疗组出现轻微副作用的情况相同。静脉注射托烷司琼是一种有效且安全的止吐药，可减少接受扁桃体切除术或腺样体扁桃体切除术儿童的术后呕吐。
