Southern L L, LeMieux F M, Matthews J O, Bidner T D, Knowles T A
Department of Animal Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803-4210, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2000 Jan;78(1):120-3. doi: 10.2527/2000.781120x.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate feather meal as a source of Val in lactating sow diets. Sows (five farrowing groups; mean parity = 2.34) were allotted to one of two dietary treatments on the basis of ancestry, parity, and weight and date of d 110 of gestation. The treatment diets included 1) corn-soybean meal lactation diet (n = 40) or 2) corn-soybean meal lactation diet with 2.5% feather meal (n = 39). The diets were formulated on an equal Lys basis. All litters were adjusted to 10 pigs within 24 h after farrowing, and all sows weaned at least nine pigs. Sows were bled at 110 d of gestation and at weaning, and serum urea N was determined. Backfat thickness was determined ultrasonically at 110 d of gestation and at weaning. Serum urea N and backfat thickness at d 110 of gestation were used as covariates for serum urea N and backfat thickness at weaning, respectively. The litter response criteria (weaning weight, litter weight gain, and percentage survival) were not affected (P > .10) by feather meal. The sow response criteria (weaning weight, weight loss per day, weaning backfat thickness, change in backfat thickness, ADFI, and days to estrus) were not affected (P > .10) by feather meal. Sows fed feather meal had increased (P < .01) serum urea N and tended (P = .15) to have decreased sow weaning weight. Following the initial analysis of the data, the data set was split into two groups: 1) sows with litters gaining less than 2.17 kg/d (n = 19 and 20 for control and feather meal diets, respectively) and 2) sows with litters gaining more than 2.17 kg/d (n = 21 and 19 for control and feather meal diets, respectively). These two groups were analyzed separately. In sows with litters gaining less than 2.17 kg/d, the litter and sow criteria were not affected (P > .10) by treatment. In sows with litters gaining more than 2.17 kg/d, sow weaning weight was decreased (P < .04) and sow weight loss (P < .02) and serum urea N (P < .01) were increased in sows fed feather meal. Feather meal (as a source of Val) did not improve litter weight gain, but it increased serum urea N.
进行了一项试验，以评估羽毛粉作为泌乳母猪日粮中缬氨酸来源的效果。母猪（5个产仔组；平均胎次=2.34）根据系谱、胎次、体重以及妊娠110天的日期被分配到两种日粮处理之一。处理日粮包括：1）玉米-豆粕泌乳日粮（n=40）或2）含2.5%羽毛粉的玉米-豆粕泌乳日粮（n=39）。日粮以等赖氨酸水平配制。所有仔猪在出生后24小时内调整为10头，所有母猪至少断奶9头仔猪。在妊娠110天和断奶时对母猪采血，并测定血清尿素氮。在妊娠110天和断奶时用超声波测定背膘厚度。妊娠110天时的血清尿素氮和背膘厚度分别用作断奶时血清尿素氮和背膘厚度的协变量。羽毛粉对窝产反应指标（断奶体重、窝增重和成活率）没有影响（P>.10）。羽毛粉对母猪反应指标（断奶体重、每日体重损失、断奶背膘厚度、背膘厚度变化、平均日采食量和发情天数）没有影响（P>.10）。采食羽毛粉的母猪血清尿素氮升高（P<.01），且母猪断奶体重有降低的趋势（P=0.15）。在对数据进行初步分析后，将数据集分为两组：1）窝增重低于2.17kg/d的母猪（对照组和羽毛粉日粮组分别为n=19和20）和2）窝增重高于2.17kg/d的母猪（对照组和羽毛粉日粮组分别为n=21和19）。对这两组分别进行分析。在窝增重低于2.17kg/d的母猪中，处理对窝产和母猪指标没有影响（P>.10）。在窝增重高于2.17kg/d的母猪中，采食羽毛粉的母猪断奶体重降低（P<.04），体重损失（P<.02）和血清尿素氮（P<.01）升高。羽毛粉（作为缬氨酸的来源）并未提高窝增重，但增加了血清尿素氮。
