美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）噪声标准与美国职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）听力保护标准的比较。
Comparison of NIOSH noise criteria and OSHA hearing conservation criteria.
作者信息
Sriwattanatamma P, Breysse P
机构信息
Esso Singapore Pte. Ltd.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2000 Apr;37(4):334-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200004)37:4<334::aid-ajim2>3.0.co;2-z.
BACKGROUND
This study was conducted to compare noise exposure measurements based on the recently revised noise exposure criteria recommended by the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the current U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Hearing Conservation Amendment to the occupational noise standard.
METHODS
Daily 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) personal noise exposures were obtained for 61 workers using dosimeters set simultaneously to the NIOSH and OSHA Hearing Conservation Amendment (OSHA-HCA) criteria. A variety of work groups with the potential for noise exposure were evaluated as a part of this investigation.
RESULTS
Noise dose based on the NIOSH criteria was higher than the corresponding OSHA-HCA noise dose with differences in noise exposures measured under the two criteria equal to 6.6 dBA. Should the new NIOSH recommendation on noise measurement be adopted as standard, the number of workers to be enrolled in a hearing loss prevention program was estimated to increase by 2. 7-fold from 23% to 75% of the study population.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that if the NIOSH criteria are to be adopted as an OSHA standard, there is likely to be a substantial increase in the number of workers in hearing conservation programs.
背景
本研究旨在比较基于美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）最近修订的噪声暴露标准以及美国职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）现行的职业噪声标准听力保护修正案所进行的噪声暴露测量。
方法
使用同时设置为NIOSH和OSHA听力保护修正案（OSHA-HCA）标准的剂量计，获取了61名工人的每日8小时时间加权平均（TWA）个人噪声暴露量。作为本次调查的一部分，对各种可能接触噪声的工作群体进行了评估。
结果
基于NIOSH标准的噪声剂量高于相应的OSHA-HCA噪声剂量，两种标准下测量的噪声暴露差异为6.6 dBA。如果将NIOSH关于噪声测量的新建议作为标准采用，预计参加听力损失预防计划的工人数量将从研究人群的23%增加到75%，增长2.7倍。
结论
本研究结果表明，如果将NIOSH标准作为OSHA标准采用，听力保护计划中的工人数量可能会大幅增加。
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