Grant J D, Dagenbach D
Wake Forest University, USA.
Am J Psychol. 2000 Spring;113(1):69-94.
The present study explored the relationship between inhibitory processing (as indexed by identity negative priming in a letter-naming task), working memory, discourse processing, and cognitive aging effects. Consistent with several other recent reports, this study found evidence of intact inhibitory processing, as measured by negative priming, in older adults as well as younger adults. This intact negative priming occurred in conjunction with diminished working memory span and impaired memory in the discourse processing task in the same sample of older adults, further arguing against the likelihood that declines in these areas are caused by impairments in the inhibitory processes measured by negative priming. The implications of these results for theories of cognitive aging and possible reasons for inconsistent findings regarding negative priming effects among the elderly are discussed.
本研究探讨了抑制加工（以字母命名任务中的身份负启动为指标）、工作记忆、语篇加工与认知老化效应之间的关系。与其他近期的几份报告一致，本研究发现，通过负启动测量，老年人和年轻人都存在完整的抑制加工证据。在同一组老年人样本中，这种完整的负启动与工作记忆广度的下降以及语篇加工任务中的记忆受损同时出现，这进一步反驳了这些领域的衰退是由负启动所测量的抑制过程受损导致的可能性。本文讨论了这些结果对认知老化理论的意义以及老年人负启动效应研究结果不一致的可能原因。
