Targeting chemotherapy to solid tumors with long-circulating thermosensitive liposomes and local hyperthermia.

The effectiveness of the combination of long-circulating, thermosensitive liposomes and hyperthermia is described. Small-sized, thermosensitive liposomes that encapsulate doxorubicin (DXR-PEG-TSL (SUV)) have a prolonged circulation time and are extravasated to targeted solid tumors in vivo, where they preferentially release the agent in an anatomical site subjected to local hyperthermia. Liposomes were prepared by the incorporation of amphipathic polyethyleneglycol (PEG) to prolong their circulation time. DXR-PEG-TSL (SUV) was retained longest and was accumulated most efficiently in solid tumors in Balb/c mice. The combination of DXR-PEG-TSL (SUV) and hyperthermia at the tumor sites 3 h after injection, gave high concentrations of doxorubicin in tumor tissue and resulted in more effective tumor retardation and increased survival time. A large amount of DXR-PEG-TSL (SUV) was extravasated into the tumors during circulation for 3 h after injection, suggesting that the encapsulated drug was released into the interstitial spaces of the lesions by local hyperthermia. This system is expected to be clinically valuable for the delivery of a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of solid tumors.