Structural evidence for ion transport and tectorial membrane maintenance in the gerbil limbus.

Cells medial to the tunnel of Corti were examined to assess fine structural features relevant to their proposed role in cochlear K(+) homeostasis. A dense network of canaliculi referred to as canalicular reticulum (CR) resided in the foot body of inner pillar cells, where it bordered and could resorb ions released from inner radial and spiral nerves. Lateral interdental cells (IDCs) formed columns which connected the inner sulcus epithelium with the base of the tectorial membrane's (TM) middle zone. A spout-like neck in cells at the top of lateral IDC columns housed a dense concentration of CR which resembled that characteristic of ion transporting epithelia and appeared to be located here for transporting ions and fluid toward the TM. Clustered IDCs in the center of the limbus connected underlying limbal stroma with the TM's limbal zone and appeared capable of transporting ions from stroma to TM. Abundant CR in limbal stellate fibrocytes evidenced their capacity to transport ions and fluid, presumably from inner sulcus epithelium toward central IDCs. The most medial IDCs possibly function as the terminus of an ion cycling path from scala vestibuli to endolymph. Light fibrocytes situated between supralimbal fibrocytes and medial IDCs appeared to serve as a link in this pathway. The limbal zone of the TM overlying central IDCs consisted of three distinct regions which offered a structural basis for transformation of an amorphous matrix supplied by central IDCs into the protofibrils of the membrane's middle zone.