Wilmott R W, Khurana-Hershey G, Stark J M
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH 45229-3039, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2000 Jun;12(3):187-93. doi: 10.1097/00008480-200006000-00002.
The respiratory tract is exposed continuously to noxious agents, microbial organisms, particles, and allergens. It has therefore evolved both innate and specific defense mechanisms. The innate host defense mechanisms include components such as collectins, beta-defensins, lactoferrin, and complement, all of which have an important role in modulating the immune response. Immune protection of the lungs by specific antibody is reviewed. The airways are protected by alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, and their origins, regulation, functions, and antimicrobial activity are summarized. Antimicrobial peptides and immune-modulating peptides are likely to have a significant therapeutic role for infection and inflammation in the respiratory tract.
呼吸道持续暴露于有害因子、微生物、颗粒和过敏原中。因此，它进化出了先天性和特异性防御机制。先天性宿主防御机制包括诸如凝集素、β-防御素、乳铁蛋白和补体等成分，所有这些成分在调节免疫反应中都起着重要作用。本文综述了特异性抗体对肺部的免疫保护作用。气道受到肺泡巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的保护，并对它们的起源、调节、功能和抗菌活性进行了总结。抗菌肽和免疫调节肽可能在呼吸道感染和炎症的治疗中发挥重要作用。
