Manegold C
Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin, Klinische Abteilung, Hamburg.
MMW Fortschr Med. 2000 Mar 13;142 Suppl 1:34-9.
While the effectiveness of conventional antiviral treatment is well proven, its limitations are becoming more and more evident. New approaches are resulting from the "decoding" of the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Thus, for example, experimental studies are looking at drug-induced blockade of the co-receptors necessary for the infection of the target cells. Treatment can be applied at all stages of viral replication. So far, reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors have been employed. Other strategies are aimed at immunostimulation (e.g. with interleukin 2) and immunosuppression (cortisone, hydroxyurea). The development of therapeutic vaccines is difficult, but prophylactic vaccines hold out greater promise; field trials are underway.
虽然传统抗病毒治疗的有效性已得到充分证实,但其局限性正日益明显。新方法源于对HIV感染发病机制的“解码”。例如,实验研究正在探索药物诱导阻断靶细胞感染所需的共受体。治疗可应用于病毒复制的所有阶段。到目前为止,已使用逆转录酶和蛋白酶抑制剂。其他策略旨在免疫刺激(如使用白细胞介素2)和免疫抑制(皮质醇、羟基脲)。治疗性疫苗的研发困难重重,但预防性疫苗更具前景;现场试验正在进行中。