一氧化氮可保护微静脉免受组胺诱导的渗漏。

Al-Naemi H, Baldwin A L

Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA.

Microcirculation. 2000 Jun;7(3):215-23.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the present study was to investigate the prophylactic role of nitric oxide (NO) in the mesenteric microvasculature in preventing microvascular leakage subsequent to histamine application, and to evaluate the response of mast cells during these conditions.

METHODS

Regions of the rat mesenteric microcirculation were flushed free of blood and pretreated with either the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SSP 10(-6) M) or Hepes-buffered saline containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin (HBS-BSA) for 15 minutes, then exposed to histamine (10(-3) M) for another three minutes. In another set of experiments, the microvasculature was treated with either histamine (10(-3) M) for three minutes or SNP (10(-6) M) for 15 minutes. A control group was treated with HBS-BSA for 15 minutes.

RESULTS

The protective role of NO was evaluated by its ability to reduce or prevent histamine-induced venular leaks. Mesenteric microvessels pretreated with SNP before histamine suffusion showed a significant decrease in both area and number of venular leaks following the perfusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA). Although SNP pretreatment did not reduce the percentage of mast cells that degranulated in the presence of histamine, it did somewhat reduce the severity of the degranulation.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrated that nitric oxide availability protects mesenteric venules against histamine-induced leaks, but does not prevent degranulation of mast cells. Therefore, nitric oxide probably acts directly on venular endothelial cells to prevent leak formation.

目的

本研究的目的是探讨一氧化氮（NO）在肠系膜微血管系统中对组胺应用后预防微血管渗漏的保护作用，并评估在这些情况下肥大细胞的反应。

方法

冲洗大鼠肠系膜微循环区域以清除血液，并用一氧化氮供体硝普钠（10⁻⁶ M SSP）或含0.5%牛血清白蛋白的Hepes缓冲盐水（HBS - BSA）预处理15分钟，然后再暴露于组胺（10⁻³ M）3分钟。在另一组实验中，微血管用组胺（10⁻³ M）处理3分钟或硝普钠（10⁻⁶ M）处理15分钟。对照组用HBS - BSA处理15分钟。

结果

通过其减少或预防组胺诱导的小静脉渗漏的能力来评估NO的保护作用。在灌注异硫氰酸荧光素标记的牛血清白蛋白（FITC - BSA）后，在组胺灌注前用硝普钠预处理的肠系膜微血管显示小静脉渗漏的面积和数量均显著减少。虽然硝普钠预处理并没有降低在组胺存在下脱颗粒的肥大细胞的百分比，但确实在一定程度上降低了脱颗粒的严重程度。