Weiss L E, Taras J S, Sweet S, Osterman A L
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, USA.
Hand Clin. 2000 Aug;16(3):433-8.
The athlete with an LT injury typically presents with ulnar-sided wrist pain after a high-energy impaction of the wrist. Reagan's LT ballottement test and Kleinman's shear test help the examiner identify these injuries. A thorough radiographic examination includes standard PA and lateral radiographs. Magnetic resonance imaging or arthrography can be performed, but the sensitivity of these imaging studies varies. The palmar portion of the LT interosseous ligament, dorsal radiocarpal ligament, and dorsal intercarpal ligament play the most significant roles in LT stability. Lunotriquetral injuries without instability respond well to immobilization. Arthroscopy is valuable in staging and determining treatment but requires a thorough radiocarpal and midcarpal examination. Acute LT injuries with instability are treated with arthroscopic-assisted reduction and pinning. If desired, this procedure can be incorporated with an open ligament repair through a volar approach. Chronic LT tears without instability can also be treated arthroscopically. Treatment of the chronic LT tear with instability depends on the degree of collapse. Treatment in the athlete includes ligament reconstruction with capsulodesis or, rarely, intercarpal LT arthrodesis.
患有月三角韧带损伤的运动员通常在手腕受到高能撞击后出现尺侧腕部疼痛。里根月三角韧带冲击试验和克莱曼剪切试验有助于检查者识别这些损伤。全面的影像学检查包括标准的正位和侧位X线片。可进行磁共振成像或关节造影,但这些影像学检查的敏感性各不相同。月三角骨间韧带的掌侧部分、桡腕背侧韧带和腕骨间背侧韧带在月三角韧带稳定性中起最重要作用。无不稳定的月三角韧带损伤通过固定治疗效果良好。关节镜检查在分期和确定治疗方法方面很有价值,但需要对桡腕关节和腕中关节进行全面检查。伴有不稳定的急性月三角韧带损伤采用关节镜辅助复位和克氏针固定治疗。如果需要,该手术可通过掌侧入路与开放性韧带修复相结合。无不稳定的慢性月三角韧带撕裂也可通过关节镜治疗。伴有不稳定的慢性月三角韧带撕裂的治疗取决于塌陷程度。对运动员的治疗包括韧带重建加关节囊固定术,或很少采用的腕骨间月三角关节融合术。