Plesko I, Severi G, Obsitníková A, Boyle P
National Cancer Registry, National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Neoplasma. 2000;47(3):137-42.
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) incidence in Slovakia in the period 1978-1995 was analyzed. A total of 38,629 microscopically confirmed NMSC cases (19,600 in males and 19,029 in females) were registered by the National Cancer Registry: 31,714 (82.1%) were basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 6,396 (16.6%) squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and only 519 (1.3%) other NMSC. Age standardized rates of NMSC increased in the given period by 59.1% in males and 58.5% in females. The greatest increase was observed for BCC, 70.4% and 65.0% in males and females respectively, the smaller for SCC, 13.5 and 18.8%. In the period 1993-1995 age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 were 38.0 for BCC, 6.7 for SCC and 45.5 for all NMSC in males and 29.2, 3.8 and 33.6, respectively in females. The observed marked increase of incidence with age was particularly pronounced for SCC. In both sexes, head and neck was the most common localization of BCC and SCC (84.2 to 74.7%), followed by trunk for BCC (17.0% in males and 10.8% in females) and by upper limbs for SCC (with 11.6% in males and 12.5% in females). Very fast increase of BCC incidence over time, its slower increase with age as compared to SCC incidence and body-site distribution suggest that BCC etiology is much more similar to melanoma etiology than SCC one. Registration of NMSC in relation to changes in possible risk factors (i.e. sun exposure/protection, ozone layer decrease) is important to study the mechanism of disease occurrence and to support public health interventions.
分析了1978 - 1995年斯洛伐克非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）的发病率。国家癌症登记处共登记了38629例经显微镜确诊的NMSC病例（男性19600例，女性19029例）：31714例（82.1%）为基底细胞癌（BCC），6396例（16.6%）为鳞状细胞癌（SCC），仅519例（1.3%）为其他NMSC。在给定时期内，NMSC的年龄标准化发病率男性增加了59.1%，女性增加了58.5%。BCC的增幅最大，男性和女性分别为70.4%和65.0%，SCC的增幅较小，分别为13.5%和18.8%。在1993 - 1995年期间，男性每10万人的年龄标准化发病率BCC为38.0，SCC为6.7，所有NMSC为45.5；女性分别为29.2、3.8和33.6。观察到的发病率随年龄的显著增加在SCC中尤为明显。在男女两性中，头颈部是BCC和SCC最常见的发病部位（84.2%至74.7%），其次是BCC的躯干（男性为17.0%，女性为10.8%）和SCC的上肢（男性为11.6%，女性为12.5%）。BCC发病率随时间的快速上升、与SCC发病率相比随年龄增长较慢以及身体部位分布表明，BCC的病因比SCC的病因更类似于黑色素瘤的病因。记录NMSC与可能的风险因素变化（即阳光暴露/防护、臭氧层减少）之间关系，对于研究疾病发生机制和支持公共卫生干预措施很重要。
