Undabeytia T, Nir S, Rubin B
Seagram Center for Soil and Water Sciences, and Department of Field Crops, Vegetables and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Oct;48(10):4767-73. doi: 10.1021/jf9907945.
The study aimed to reduce leaching of the hydrophobic herbicide norflurazon (4-chloro-5-methylamino-2-(alpha,alpha, alpha)-trifluoro-m-tolylpyridazin-3-(2H)-one) by adsorbing it on clays or organo-clays. The surface of the clay mineral montmorillonite was modified from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by preadsorbing it with organic cations, of which thioflavin-T (TFT) at a loading corresponding to (5)/(8) of the cation-exchange capacity of the clay mineral yielded the highest affinity of adsorption of norflurazon. Pillared clay (PC) used without organic cations exhibited enhanced affinity for norflurazon adsorption, much higher than that of montmorillonite or sepiolite. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed interactions between aromatic moieties of preadsorbed TFT and the herbicide. Stronger interaction of the herbicide with a clay mineral or organo-clay corresponded to its slower release. Formulations prepared on the basis of montmorillonite-TFT and PC were more effective in reducing herbicide leaching in soil columns in comparison to the commercial formulation, whereas the herbicidal efficiencies were comparable.
该研究旨在通过将疏水性除草剂氟乐灵（4-氯-5-甲基氨基-2-(α,α,α)-三氟间甲苯基哒嗪-3-(2H)-酮）吸附在粘土或有机粘土上来减少其淋溶。通过用有机阳离子预吸附，将粘土矿物蒙脱石的表面从亲水性改性为疏水性，其中硫黄素-T（TFT）的负载量相当于粘土矿物阳离子交换容量的(5)/(8)时，对氟乐灵的吸附亲和力最高。未使用有机阳离子的柱撑粘土（PC）对氟乐灵的吸附亲和力增强，远高于蒙脱石或海泡石。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）结果表明，预吸附的TFT的芳香部分与除草剂之间存在相互作用。除草剂与粘土矿物或有机粘土的相互作用越强，其释放速度越慢。与商业配方相比，基于蒙脱石-TFT和PC制备的配方在减少土壤柱中除草剂淋溶方面更有效，而除草效率相当。
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