Lucero M T, Huang W, Dang T
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84108-1297, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Sep 29;355(1401):1215-8. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2000.0670.
The olfactory organs from the squid Lolliguncula brevis are composed of a pseudostratified epithelium containing five morphological subtypes of chemosensory neurons and ciliated support cells. Physiological recordings have been made from two of the subtypes and only the type 4 neuron has been studied in detail. Odour-stimulated increases in intracellular calcium and rapid activation of an electrogenic Na+/Ca2+ exchanger current in type 4 neurons suggest that the exchanger proteins are localized very close to the transduction machinery. Electrophysiological studies have shown that olfactory signal transduction takes place in the apical ciliary regions of olfactory neurons. Using polyclonal antiserum against squid Na+/Ca2+ proteins, we observed specific staining in the ciliary region of cells that resemble type 2, 3, 4 and 5 neurons. Staining was also observed in axon bundles, and in muscle tissue. Collectively, these data support the model that Na+/Ca2+ exchanger proteins are localized to transduction machinery in cilia of type 4 neurons and suggest that the other olfactory subtypes also use Ca2+ during chemosensory responses.
短蛸（Lolliguncula brevis）的嗅觉器官由假复层上皮组成，其中包含五种形态亚型的化学感应神经元和纤毛支持细胞。已对其中两种亚型进行了生理记录，并且仅对4型神经元进行了详细研究。气味刺激导致4型神经元细胞内钙增加以及电生钠/钙交换电流快速激活，这表明交换蛋白的定位非常靠近转导机制。电生理研究表明，嗅觉信号转导发生在嗅觉神经元的顶端纤毛区域。使用针对鱿鱼钠/钙蛋白的多克隆抗血清，我们在类似于2型、3型、4型和5型神经元的细胞的纤毛区域观察到特异性染色。在轴突束和肌肉组织中也观察到了染色。总体而言，这些数据支持钠/钙交换蛋白定位于4型神经元纤毛中的转导机制这一模型，并表明其他嗅觉亚型在化学感应反应期间也使用钙离子。
