Csáki A, Kocsis K, Halász B, Kiss J
Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Neuroscience. 2000;101(3):637-55. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00411-5.
Morphological and functional data indicate that glutamatergic innervation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus plays an important role in the control of this prominent cell group. Sources of this neural input are unknown. The present investigations were aimed at studying this question. The retrograde tracer [3H]D-aspartate, which is selectively taken up by the terminals of neurons that use glutamate or aspartate as a neurotransmitter, and is retrogradely transported to their perikarya, was injected into the paraventricular nucleus. The brain was examined for labelled neurons visualized by autoradiography. Labelled neurons were detected in the paraventricular nucleus itself, in several hypothalamic areas including medial and lateral preoptic area, suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic area, ventromedial nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, posterior part of arcuate nucleus, ventral premammillary nucleus and supramammillary nucleus. Outside the hypothalamus labelled neurons were found in the thalamic paraventricular nucleus and in certain telencephalic regions including lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and amygdala. All of them are known to project to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. We failed to detect labelled neurons in the lower brainstem. From these findings we conclude that firstly, there are glutamatergic/aspartatergic interneurons in the paraventricular nucleus; secondly, all intrahypothalamic and telencephalic, but not lower brainstem afferents to this nucleus contain glutamatergic/aspartatergic fibres; and thirdly, the glutamatergic/aspartatergic innervation of this heterogeneous cell group is extremely complex.
形态学和功能数据表明，下丘脑室旁核的谷氨酸能神经支配在控制这一重要细胞群中发挥着重要作用。这种神经输入的来源尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨这个问题。将逆行示踪剂[3H]D-天冬氨酸注入室旁核，该示踪剂可被以谷氨酸或天冬氨酸作为神经递质的神经元终末选择性摄取，并逆行运输至其胞体。通过放射自显影检查大脑中可见的标记神经元。在室旁核本身、几个下丘脑区域（包括内侧和外侧视前区、视交叉上核、下丘脑前区、腹内侧核、背内侧核、下丘脑外侧区、弓状核后部、腹侧乳头前核和乳头体上核）检测到标记神经元。在丘脑室旁核以及某些端脑区域（包括外侧隔、终纹床核和杏仁核）发现了下丘脑以外的标记神经元。所有这些区域都已知投射到下丘脑室旁核。我们未能在脑桥下部检测到标记神经元。从这些发现中我们得出以下结论：首先，室旁核中存在谷氨酸能/天冬氨酸能中间神经元；其次，所有向该核投射的下丘脑内和端脑传入纤维，但不是脑桥下部传入纤维，都含有谷氨酸能/天冬氨酸能纤维；第三，这个异质性细胞群的谷氨酸能/天冬氨酸能神经支配极其复杂。
