Kasinsky H E, Lewis J D, Dacks J B, Ausió J
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C., Canada.
FASEB J. 2001 Jan;15(1):34-42. doi: 10.1096/fj.00-0237rev.
In which taxa did H1 linker histones appear in the course of evolution? Detailed comparative analysis of the histone H1 and histone H1-related sequences available to date suggests that the origin of histone H1 can be traced to bacteria. The data also reveal that the sequence corresponding to the 'winged helix' motif of the globular structural domain, a domain characteristic of all metazoan histone H1 molecules, is evolutionarily conserved and appears separately in several divergent lines of protists. Some protists, however, appear to have only a lysine-rich basic protein, which has compositional similarity to some of the histone H1-like proteins from eubacteria and to the carboxy-terminal domain of the H1 linker histones from animals and plants. No lysine-rich basic proteins have been described in archaebacteria. The data presented in this review provide the surprising conclusion that whereas DNA-condensing H1-related histones may have arisen early in evolution in eubacteria, the appearance of the sequence motif corresponding to the globular domain of metazoan H1s occurred much later in the protists, after and independently of the appearance of the chromosomal core histones in archaebacteria.
在进化过程中，H1连接组蛋白出现在哪些分类群中？对目前可得的组蛋白H1及与组蛋白H1相关的序列进行详细的比较分析表明，组蛋白H1的起源可以追溯到细菌。数据还显示，对应于球状结构域“翼状螺旋”基序的序列，这是所有后生动物组蛋白H1分子的一个特征结构域，在进化上是保守的，并且在几个不同的原生生物谱系中独立出现。然而，一些原生生物似乎只有一种富含赖氨酸的碱性蛋白，它在组成上与一些来自真细菌的类组蛋白H1蛋白以及动植物H1连接组蛋白的羧基末端结构域相似。古细菌中尚未描述富含赖氨酸的碱性蛋白。本综述中呈现的数据得出了一个惊人的结论：虽然与DNA凝聚相关的H1组蛋白可能在进化早期就出现在真细菌中，但对应于后生动物H1球状结构域的序列基序在原生生物中出现的时间要晚得多，是在古细菌中染色体核心组蛋白出现之后且独立出现的。
