Champion de Crespigny F E, Herberstein M E, Elgar M A
Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Naturwissenschaften. 2001 Jan;88(1):42-5. doi: 10.1007/s001140000194.
Caching or storing surplus prey may reduce the risk of starvation during periods of food deprivation. While this behaviour occurs in a variety of birds and mammals, it is infrequent among invertebrates. However, golden orb-web spiders, Nephila edulis, incorporate a prey cache in their relatively permanent web, which they feed on during periods of food shortage. Heavier spiders significantly reduced weight loss if they were able to access a cache, but lost weight if the cache was removed. The presence or absence of stored prey had no effect on the weight loss of lighter spiders. Furthermore, N. edulis always attacked new prey, irrespective of the number of unprocessed prey in the web. In contrast, females of Argiope keyserlingi, who build a new web every day and do not cache prey, attacked fewer new prey items if some had already been caught. Thus, a necessary preadaptation to the evolution of prey caching in orb-web spiders may be a durable or permanent web, such as that constructed by Nephila.
储存或贮藏多余的猎物可以降低食物匮乏时期饥饿的风险。虽然这种行为在多种鸟类和哺乳动物中都有发生，但在无脊椎动物中却不常见。然而，金色圆蛛（Nephila edulis）会在它们相对固定的蛛网上建立一个猎物贮藏处，并在食物短缺时以此为食。如果能够获取贮藏物，较重的蜘蛛体重显著减轻的幅度会减小，但如果贮藏物被移除，它们的体重就会下降。贮藏猎物的有无对较轻蜘蛛的体重减轻没有影响。此外，不论蛛网上未处理的猎物数量多少，金色圆蛛总是会攻击新的猎物。相比之下，每天都会织一张新网且不贮藏猎物的澳洲金蛛（Argiope keyserlingi）的雌蛛，如果已经捕获了一些猎物，就会减少对新猎物的攻击次数。因此，圆蛛进化出贮藏猎物行为的一个必要的预适应特征可能是像金色圆蛛所织的那样耐用或永久性的蛛网。
Zotero 插件