Steinke G, Weitkamp P, Klein E, Mukherjee K D
Institute for Biochemistry and Technology of Lipids, H.P. Kaufmann-Institute, Federal Centre for Cereal, Potato and Lipid Research, Piusallee 68, D-48147 Münster, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Feb;49(2):647-51. doi: 10.1021/jf000852i.
Fatty acids obtained from seed oils of crambe (Crambe abyssinica) and camelina (Camelina sativa) via alkaline saponification or steam splitting were esterified using lipases as biocatalysts with oleyl alcohol and the alcohols derived from crambe and camelina oils via hydrogenolysis of their methyl esters. Long-chain wax esters were thus obtained in high yields when Novozym 435 (immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica) and papaya (Carica papaya) latex lipase were used as biocatalysts and vacuum was applied to remove the water formed. The highest conversions to wax esters were obtained with Novozym 435 (> or =95%) after 4-6 h of reaction, whereas with papaya latex lipase such a high degree of conversion was attained after 24 h. Products obtained from stoichiometric amounts of substrates were almost exclusively (>95%) composed of wax esters having compositions approaching that of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) oil, especially when crambe fatty acids in combination with camelina alcohols or camelina fatty acids in combination with crambe alcohols were used as substrates.
通过碱皂化或蒸汽裂解法从海甘蓝（Crambe abyssinica）和亚麻荠（Camelina sativa）种子油中获得的脂肪酸，使用脂肪酶作为生物催化剂，与油醇以及通过其甲酯的氢解作用从海甘蓝和亚麻荠油中衍生得到的醇进行酯化反应。因此，当使用诺维信435（南极假丝酵母固定化脂肪酶B）和木瓜（Carica papaya）乳胶脂肪酶作为生物催化剂并施加真空以除去生成的水时，可以高收率获得长链蜡酯。反应4 - 6小时后，使用诺维信435可获得最高的蜡酯转化率（≥95%），而使用木瓜乳胶脂肪酶则在24小时后达到如此高的转化率。由化学计量的底物得到的产物几乎完全（>95%）由蜡酯组成，其组成接近霍霍巴（Simmondsia chinensis）油，特别是当使用海甘蓝脂肪酸与亚麻荠醇组合或亚麻荠脂肪酸与海甘蓝醇组合作为底物时。
