Dumontier C A, Abimelec P
Institut de la Main, Paris, France.
Dermatol Surg. 2001 Mar;27(3):274-9.
The anatomic singularities of the nail unit explain why bony tumors and osseous outgrowths of the distal phalanx quickly interfere with the nail apparatus. Osteochondromas (or exostosis) are benign osteocartilaginous outgrowths most commonly located on the hallux. They are by far the most common bony lesions affecting the nail unit. While frequently considered benign tumors, subungual exostoses are better regarded as reactional osseous outgrowths rather than true tumors. Enchondromas (better named chondromas) are intraosseous tumors whose location at the distal phalanx is rare. Large tumors may be responsible for phalanx deformity.
甲单位的解剖学特点解释了为什么远端指骨的骨肿瘤和骨质增生会很快影响甲器。骨软骨瘤（或外生骨疣）是最常见于拇趾的良性骨软骨性增生。它们是迄今为止影响甲单位最常见的骨病变。虽然通常被认为是良性肿瘤，但甲下外生骨疣更应被视为反应性骨质增生而非真正的肿瘤。内生软骨瘤（更确切地称为软骨瘤）是罕见发生于远端指骨的骨内肿瘤。大的肿瘤可能导致指骨畸形。
