Hyams K C, Riddle J, Rubertone M, Trump D, Alter M J, Cruess D F, Han X, Nainam O V, Seeff L B, Mazzuchi J F, Bailey S
Epidemiology Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Apr 15;153(8):764-70. doi: 10.1093/aje/153.8.764.
Because of a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (10-20%) among veterans seeking care in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, current US military forces were evaluated for HCV infection. Banked serum samples were randomly selected from military personnel serving in 1997 and were tested for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). Overall prevalence of anti-HCV among 10,000 active-duty personnel was 0.48% (5/1,000 troops); prevalence increased with age from 0.1% among military recruits and active-duty personnel aged <30 years to 3.0% among troops aged >/=40 years. Prevalence among 2,000 Reservists and active-duty troops was similar. Based on sequential serum samples from 7,368 active-duty personnel (34,020 person-years of observation), annual incidence of infection was 2/10,000. Of 81 HCV RNA-positive troops for whom genotype was determined, genotypes 1a (63%) and 1b (22%) predominated, as in the civilian population. These data indicate that HCV infection risk among current military forces is lower than in VA studies and the general civilian population aged <40 years. The low level of HCV infection may be attributed to infrequent injection drug use in the military due to mandatory testing for illicit drugs prior to induction and throughout military service.
由于在退伍军人事务部（VA）医院寻求治疗的退伍军人中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染率很高（10%-20%），因此对美国现役部队进行了HCV感染情况评估。从1997年服役的军事人员中随机抽取储存的血清样本，检测HCV抗体（抗-HCV）。在10000名现役人员中，抗-HCV的总体患病率为0.48%（5/1000人）；患病率随年龄增长而增加，从军事新兵和年龄<30岁的现役人员中的0.1%增至年龄≥40岁的部队中的3.0%。2000名预备役人员和现役部队中的患病率相似。根据7368名现役人员的连续血清样本（34020人年的观察），年感染发病率为2/10000。在81名确定了基因型的HCV RNA阳性部队人员中，与平民群体一样，1a型（63%）和1b型（22%）占主导。这些数据表明，现役部队中的HCV感染风险低于VA研究以及年龄<40岁的一般平民群体。HCV感染水平较低可能归因于军队中注射吸毒不常见，这是由于入伍前和整个服役期间对非法药物进行强制检测。
