Sendt W, Schöffel U
Abteilung Allgemeine Chirurgie mit Poliklinik, Chirurgische Klinik, Universität Freiburg.
MMW Fortschr Med. 2001 Apr 12;143(15):22-5.
Soft tissue infections are highly diverse in presentation, and their severity is readily underestimated. Classifications in the literature are not uniform. Clinically, a recommended classification is based on the spread of the infection into deeper regions: superficial and deep soft tissue infections. Superficial infections, that is, those confined to the cutis and subcutis, include furuncles, erysipelas and phlegmons (acute suppurative inflammation). The second group--infection affecting fascia and muscle--include both classical gas gangrene and necrotizing fasciitis which, despite aggressive treatment, are associated with a high mortality rate. The present review shows the classification and differential diagnosis of these infections.
软组织感染的表现形式高度多样,其严重程度很容易被低估。文献中的分类并不统一。临床上,推荐的分类是基于感染向更深部位的扩散情况:浅表软组织感染和深部软组织感染。浅表感染,即局限于皮肤和皮下组织的感染,包括疖、丹毒和蜂窝织炎(急性化脓性炎症)。第二类——影响筋膜和肌肉的感染——包括典型的气性坏疽和坏死性筋膜炎,尽管积极治疗,但这些感染的死亡率仍很高。本综述展示了这些感染的分类和鉴别诊断。