[Cytoscopic follow-up of initial G3T1 bladder tumors treated with BCG].

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the cystoscopic findings during initial follow-up, the anatomopathological correlation of tumor endoscopic features and the results of standard control multiple biopsy performed 6 months after TUR in patients with G3T1 transitional carcinoma treated with BCG.

METHODS

114 patients with G3T1 bladder tumor (52% associated with Cis) were treated with 81 mg Connaught BCG intravesical instillations weekly for 6 consecutive weeks. Follow-up was performed with cystoscopy and cytology at 3 months, and cystoscopy and standard multiple biopsy at 6 months. The endoscopic findings were described as normal bladder, macroscopically tumorous lesion or erythematous lesion.

RESULTS

During the first 6 months of follow-up superficial recurrence was found in 16% and 5% showed progression to muscle invasion. Tumor recurrence or progression was found in 61% and 39% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Most of the macroscopically tumorous lesions resulted in a tumor at 3 and 6 months in 56% and 64%, respectively, and the remaining lesions were mainly inflammatory granulomas produced by BCG therapy. Twenty biopsies of erythematous areas detected only one case of Cis (5%) and 98 standard multiple biopsies of endoscopically normal mucosa detected 10 cases of Cis (overall, 3 at 3 months and 7 at 6 months); all cases were preceded by initial Cis except in one case.

CONCLUSIONS

Cystoscopy performed at 3 months is very useful since it detected 61% of the superficial recurrences and 66% of the cases with progression to muscle invasion during the first 6 months. Routine biopsy of erythematous areas detected during cystoscopy is of little value since a large number of these biopsies are unnecessary in view of its diagnostic yield (5%). Since 90% of the Cis detected during the first 6 months of follow-up were patients with Cis in the initial tumor, it would be appropriate to perform standard multiple biopsy for control only in this subgroup of patients if the sensitivity of cytology is low in high grade tumors or Cis.