Sohail S S, Bryant M M, Rao S K, Roland D A
Department of Poultry Science and Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, 36849, USA.
Poult Sci. 2001 Jun;80(6):769-75. doi: 10.1093/ps/80.6.769.
Two studies were conducted to determine whether cage density and prior dietary nonphytate P (NPP) level affect hens' P requirements. In Experiment 1, hens were housed at three cage densities (300, 400, and 600 cm2 or 46.5, 62.0, and 93.0 inches2/hen) and fed four levels of NPP (0.15, 0.25, 0.35, and 0.40%) for 6 wk to determine the effect of cage density on the P requirement. Egg production (EP), feed consumption (FC), egg weight (EW), and egg specific gravity (ESG) were measured to evaluate performance. Cage density influenced EP within Week 1 (P < 0.01), and during Weeks 5 and 6, there was a cage density x NPP-level interaction (P < 0.05). At 300 cm2, EP was more severely affected by 0.15 and 0.25% NPP than at 400 and 600 cm2. A linear decrease (P < 0.001) in FC was observed because of decreased NPP. Hens at 300 cm2 consumed 4 g less feed/hen per d than hens at 400 cm2. A linear decrease in EW was observed as the NPP level decreased (P < 0.01) from 0.25 to 0.15%, and there was no effect of cage density. Experiment 2 was conducted to determine the effect of prior dietary P levels on time required to create a P deficiency. Hens fed 0.4% NPP were divided into two groups and fed 0.25 and 0.4% NPP for 4 wk. At the end of 4 wk, hens fed 0.25% NPP were further divided into three groups and were fed diets containing 0.09, 0.25, and 0.30% NPP for an additional 6 wk. Hens fed 0.4% NPP were divided into three groups and fed diets containing 0.09, 0.4, and 0.45% NPP. Reduction of NPP from 0.4 and 0.25% to 0.09% reduced EP by 8.5 and 6.8%, respectively, within 3 wk. Prior NPP levels had no influence on time required to create a P deficiency in terms of EP. Reduction of NPP from 0.4 and 0.25% to 0.09% reduced (P < 0.05) FC. A decline in FC occurred 2 wk earlier in hens previously fed 0.4% than those fed 0.25% NPP. This result indicates that hens fed 0.4% NPP became P deficient more quickly than hens fed 0.25%. We concluded that cage density and prior NPP level affect the hen P requirements or time required to create a P deficiency.
进行了两项研究以确定笼养密度和先前日粮中非植酸磷（NPP）水平是否会影响母鸡的磷需求。在实验1中，母鸡以三种笼养密度（300、400和600平方厘米或46.5、62.0和93.0平方英寸/只母鸡）饲养，并饲喂四种NPP水平（0.15%、0.25%、0.35%和0.40%），持续6周，以确定笼养密度对磷需求的影响。测量产蛋量（EP）、采食量（FC）、蛋重（EW）和蛋比重（ESG）以评估生产性能。笼养密度在第1周内影响EP（P<0.01），在第5周和第6周期间，存在笼养密度×NPP水平的交互作用（P<0.05）。在300平方厘米时，0.15%和0.25%的NPP对EP的影响比在400和600平方厘米时更严重。由于NPP降低，观察到FC呈线性下降（P<0.001）。300平方厘米的母鸡每天每只比400平方厘米的母鸡少消耗4克饲料。随着NPP水平从0.25%降至0.15%，观察到EW呈线性下降（P<0.01），且笼养密度没有影响。进行实验2以确定先前日粮磷水平对造成磷缺乏所需时间的影响。饲喂0.4%NPP的母鸡分为两组，分别饲喂0.25%和0.4%的NPP，持续4周。在4周结束时，饲喂0.25%NPP的母鸡进一步分为三组，并再饲喂含0.09%、0.25%和0.30%NPP的日粮6周。饲喂0.4%NPP的母鸡分为三组，分别饲喂含0.09%、0.4%和0.45%NPP的日粮。将NPP从0.4%和0.25%降至0.09%，在3周内分别使EP降低了8.5%和6.8%。就EP而言，先前的NPP水平对造成磷缺乏所需的时间没有影响。将NPP从0.4%和0.25%降至0.09%会降低（P<0.05）FC。先前饲喂0.4%NPP的母鸡比饲喂0.25%NPP的母鸡FC下降提前2周出现。该结果表明，饲喂0.4%NPP的母鸡比饲喂0.25%NPP的母鸡更快出现磷缺乏。我们得出结论，笼养密度和先前的NPP水平会影响母鸡的磷需求或造成磷缺乏所需的时间。
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