Barbosa M C, de Souza Soares de Almeida M
Engenharia Civil-COPPE-UFRJ, CP 68506, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Hazard Mater. 2001 Jul 30;85(1-2):15-38. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00219-9.
Dredging is employed quite frequently in the state of Rio de Janeiro, especially for the installation and upkeep of commercial ports and rehabilitation of the hydraulic section of silted bodies of water. Until recently, all dredged material with no economic use was destined for marine disposal or stored at the edge of the water body. Since the 1990s, however, a new approach has been adopted for dredging as a result of pressure from the environmental organisations, encouraging closer interaction in Rio de Janeiro between the local and state public authorities and the universities on issues relating to licensing of this kind of activity. The recent experiments of the Civil and Ocean Engineering Programs of COPPE-UFRJ (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) described herein are included in this context. The state of Rio de Janeiro has three bays, several coastal lagoon systems and a number of small and medium sized rivers in or close to urban areas, with a gentle slope as they near the sea. This is, then, a region highly susceptible to silting processes of water bodies, and therefore, to maintenance and/or environmental rehabilitation. As discussed in the article, fine and almost always organic sediments prevail, which is a considerable obstacle to the end disposal and possibility of reuse.
疏浚作业在里约热内卢州十分常见，特别是用于商业港口的建设与维护，以及对淤塞水体的水工部分进行修复。直到最近，所有无经济用途的疏浚物料都被运往海洋处置或存放在水体边缘。然而，自20世纪90年代以来，由于环境组织的压力，疏浚作业采用了一种新方法，这促使里约热内卢的地方和州公共当局与大学就此类活动的许可问题进行更密切的互动。本文所述的里约热内卢联邦大学（UFRJ）土木与海洋工程项目的近期试验便包含在这一背景之下。里约热内卢州有三个海湾、若干沿海泻湖系统以及城市区域内或附近的一些中小河流，这些河流在靠近大海时坡度平缓。因此，这是一个极易出现水体淤积过程的地区，进而需要进行维护和/或环境修复。正如文章中所讨论的，细颗粒且几乎总是有机的沉积物占主导，这对最终处置和再利用的可能性构成了相当大的障碍。
