Cotterill S J, Parker L, More L, Craft A W
Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Med Pediatr Oncol. 2001 Jan;36(1):231-4. doi: 10.1002/1096-911X(20010101)36:1<231::AID-MPO1056>3.0.CO;2-U.
Population based data for neuroblastoma in children and young adults under 25 years at diagnosis were ascertained from the Northern Region Young Persons' Malignant Disease Registry for the period 1968-1995. Age-standardised incidence rates were calculated (ASR) and changes in incidence and survival were investigated. Over the study period 144 patients were registered, of these 136 were children under 15 years at diagnosis (median age: 2.2 years, ASR: 8.6 cases per million children per year), and 8 were 15-24 years (ASR 0.6).
Incidence of childhood neuroblastoma in the North of England increased significantly over time; ASRs were 5.8 for 1968-1981 and 9.5 for 1982-1995 (rate ratio: 1.6, 95%; CI 1.2-2.3). The increase in incidence was seen in both infants and older children, and in both low stage and advanced disease. Overall 5 year survival was 15% for 1968-1981 and 40% for 1982-1995 (P < 0.0001). Significant improvements in survival were documented across different stage and age-groups, including those over 1 with stage 4 disease (0% versus 18%, P < 0.0001). Further research is needed to investigate the reasons for the increasing incidence of neuroblastoma.
从北部地区青少年恶性疾病登记处获取了1968 - 1995年期间25岁及以下儿童和青少年神经母细胞瘤的人群数据。计算了年龄标准化发病率（ASR），并对发病率和生存率的变化进行了研究。在研究期间共登记了144例患者，其中136例为诊断时年龄小于15岁的儿童（中位年龄：2.2岁，ASR：每年每百万儿童8.6例），8例为15 - 24岁（ASR 0.6）。
英格兰北部儿童神经母细胞瘤的发病率随时间显著增加；1968 - 1981年的ASR为5.8，1982 - 1995年为9.5（率比：1.6，95%；CI 1.2 - 2.3）。发病率的增加在婴儿和大龄儿童中均有出现，且在低分期和高分期疾病中均存在。总体而言，1968 - 1981年的5年生存率为15%，1982 - 1995年为40%（P < 0.0001）。不同分期和年龄组的生存率均有显著改善，包括1岁以上的4期疾病患者（0%对18%，P < 0.0001）。需要进一步研究以探讨神经母细胞瘤发病率增加的原因。
