Flores A, Esteban J G, Angles R, Mas-Coma S
Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 May-Jun;95(3):272-7. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90232-9.
A cross-sectional study of soil-transmitted helminthiases in the Northern Bolivian Altiplano was carried out over the 6-year period 1992-97. Prevalences, intensities and associations were analysed from coprological results obtained in 31 surveys (28 in schools and 3 in individuals of all age-groups) performed in 24 Aymara communities located between the city of La Paz and Lake Titicaca, at an altitude of 3800-4200 m. Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were detected, with local prevalences in the range 1.2-28.0% and 0.0-24.0%, respectively. Significant differences in prevalence rates of trichuriasis were detected, with highest prevalences in male schoolchildren and in subjects aged > 40 years. The global intensity ranged from 24 to 86,544 eggs per gram of faeces (epg) and from 24 to 4560 epg for ascariasis and trichuriasis, respectively. Higher intensities were noted in girls. A. lumbricoides egg counts were statistically significantly higher in the 5-8-years age-group. A positive association between A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections was detected. The proportion of heavy infections for A. lumbricoides was 0.1% and 1.0% in the school and community surveys, respectively. No heavy infection for T. trichiura was detected. The very high altitude and its severe environmental conditions may determine the relatively low prevalences and intensities in this area.
1992年至1997年的6年间，在玻利维亚北部高原地区开展了一项关于土壤传播蠕虫病的横断面研究。对在拉巴斯市和的的喀喀湖之间海拔3800 - 4200米的24个艾马拉社区进行的31次调查（28次在学校，3次针对所有年龄组的个体）所获得的粪便学结果进行了患病率、感染强度及相关性分析。检测到蛔虫和鞭虫，当地患病率分别在1.2% - 28.0%和0.0% - 24.0%范围内。检测到鞭虫病患病率存在显著差异，男性学龄儿童和40岁以上人群的患病率最高。总体感染强度范围为每克粪便24至86,544个虫卵（epg），蛔虫病和鞭虫病分别为24至4560 epg。女孩的感染强度更高。蛔虫卵计数在5 - 8岁年龄组中具有统计学显著差异。检测到蛔虫感染与鞭虫感染之间存在正相关。在学校和社区调查中，蛔虫重度感染比例分别为0.1%和1.0%。未检测到鞭虫重度感染。极高的海拔及其恶劣的环境条件可能决定了该地区相对较低的患病率和感染强度。
