Cattell R B, Klein T W
Br J Psychol. 1975 May;66(2):131-51. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1975.tb01447.x.
Basing hypotheses on interpretations of 12 personality factors most replicated in 10 past researches with children, this experiment sets up about eight subtests as specific markers for each. Ninety-five tests, taking eight hours in all, were administered to 394 14-16-year olds. A majority of the personality pattern hypotheses were sustained factor analytically by evidence on number of factors, significance of unique simple structure reached, and goodness of identifying match (chi-square test). Concept validities can be obtained for some six of the factors rivalling those for intelligence tests. A brief discussion is given of the bearing of the present results upon theoretical explanations of the given source traits, including extraversion, and it is pointed out that the psychological meaning of most, for personality research, is as important, in variance terms, as for the one or two, such as anxiety and extraversion, which have tended to monopolize discussion.
基于对过去10项针对儿童的研究中最常重复出现的12种人格因素的解读提出假设，本实验设置了约8个分测验作为每种因素的特定指标。对394名14至16岁的青少年进行了总共8小时的95项测验。大多数人格模式假设通过关于因素数量、达到的独特简单结构的显著性以及识别匹配度（卡方检验）的证据在因素分析上得到了支持。对于其中约六种因素，可以获得与智力测验相当的概念效度。本文简要讨论了当前结果对包括外向性在内的给定源特质的理论解释的影响，并指出，就方差而言，对于人格研究来说，大多数因素的心理意义与那些往往垄断讨论的一两个因素（如焦虑和外向性）同样重要。
