Schleyer T K, Torres-Urquidy H, Straja S
Department of Dental Informatics, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2001 Sep;65(9):883-91.
Currently, no validated survey instrument exists to measure dental students' use of, knowledge about, and attitudes towards computers. Several studies have surveyed students about their knowledge and opinions regarding computers, but none of them has established the reliability and validity of the instrument(s) used. A measurement study to validate a preliminary survey for dental students was conducted. The preliminary instrument contained five scales: computer use, information resource use, computer knowledge, capabilities of computer systems, and effects of computers on dental practice. Selected variables were summarized descriptively, and a factor analysis for each scale was performed. In addition, construct validity was assessed through correlational analyses among several variables. Three hundred seventy surveys distributed to students at nine dental schools generated 156 responses (42 percent response rate). Sixty-four percent of respondents were male, 36 percent female. Respondents used computers an average approximately four hours per week, and most had begun using computers in 1991. All survey scales except computer use were unidimensional. Computer use required a two-factor solution that distinguished between clinical and nonclinical uses of computers. The instrument can be used for a demonstration study, but should be continuously refined and validated.
目前，尚无经过验证的调查工具可用于衡量牙科学生对计算机的使用情况、相关知识以及态度。已有多项研究针对学生对计算机的知识和看法展开调查，但均未确立所使用工具的信度和效度。我们进行了一项测量研究，以验证针对牙科学生的初步调查问卷。该初步工具包含五个量表：计算机使用、信息资源使用、计算机知识、计算机系统功能以及计算机对牙科实践的影响。对选定变量进行了描述性总结，并对每个量表进行了因子分析。此外，通过对多个变量进行相关分析来评估结构效度。向九所牙科学院的学生发放了370份调查问卷，共收到156份回复（回复率为42%）。64%的受访者为男性，36%为女性。受访者平均每周使用计算机约4小时，大多数人于1991年开始使用计算机。除计算机使用量表外，所有调查量表均为单维量表。计算机使用量表需要一个双因子解决方案，以区分计算机的临床和非临床用途。该工具可用于示范研究，但应持续完善并验证。
