Advantages of exercise echocardiography in comparison to dobutamine echocardiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in hypertensive subjects.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of two stress echocardiography methods, exercise and dobutamine, in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients with angina.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 197 treated hypertensive patients, age 53 +/- 9 years (65 women) with no history of myocardial infarction referred for coronary angiography were prospectively investigated with exercise electrocardiography (ECG), exercise and dobutamine echocardiography.

RESULTS

Sensitivity of the exercise ECG, exercise echocardiography and dobutamine echocardiography did not differ (77%, 82% and 75%). Negative predictive value of exercise ECG was significantly lower than exercise echocardiography (64% vs 79%, P < 0.01). Specificity and positive predictive value of exercise ECG were markedly lower than exercise and dobutamine echocardiography (57%, 96%, 98% and 72%, 97%, 98%, P < 0.0001 for both stress echocardiography vs ECG). Specificity and sensitivity of diagnostic methods were not influenced by the presence of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy. Dobutamine infusion in comparison to exercise was more often associated with substantial arterial blood pressure rise or fall (7% vs 2%, P < 0.05) and with simple ventricular ectopy (15,7% vs 6,1%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

In hypertensive patients with the symptoms of angina, both stress echo methods are significantly more specific than the exercise ECG test. Maximal exercise is associated with less frequent side effects than infusion of dobutamine, so exercise echocardiography may be preferred in the diagnosis of angina in hypertensive patients.