Wiese K H
Arch Gynakol. 1975 Jul 29;218(3):243-59. doi: 10.1007/BF00667385.
The chorionic plate of the human placenta at term consists of amniotic epithelium, amniotic connective tissue, intermediate layer, chorionic connective tissue, cytotrophoblast, and syncytiotrophoblast. - The connective tissue layers are divided into unorientated (situated just below the amniotic epithelium and in direct contact with the trophoblast) and orientated layers (between the two unorientated connective tissue layers). Besides an accelular border below the amniotic epithelium the connective tissue includes fibrocytes, fibroblasts, histiocytes, and old Hofbauer cells in the intermediate layer. - From the edge of the chorionic plate to its centre, the number of well preserved cytotrophoblasts decreases; instead of them especially intercellular substances (subchorial fibrinoid) but also degenerating cells predominate. In the trophoblast layer rests of chorionic villi are localized. Among the intact cytotrophoblasts 4 types can be distinguished (less differentiated, well differentiated, spongiotrophoblast-like, and glycogen-rich cytotrophoblastic cells). They are interpreted as different developmental stages of one and the same cell population. - The syncytiotrophoblast is inter rupted at many places; only fragments can be observed. Then cytotrophoblastic cells or intercellular substances may form the border to the intervillous space.
足月时人胎盘的绒毛膜板由羊膜上皮、羊膜结缔组织、中间层、绒毛膜结缔组织、细胞滋养层和合体滋养层组成。——结缔组织层分为无定向层(位于羊膜上皮下方并与滋养层直接接触)和定向层(在两个无定向结缔组织层之间)。除了羊膜上皮下方的无细胞边界外,结缔组织在中间层还包括纤维细胞、成纤维细胞、组织细胞和衰老的霍夫鲍尔细胞。——从绒毛膜板边缘到其中心,保存完好的细胞滋养层细胞数量减少;取而代之的是,尤其是细胞间物质(绒毛膜下类纤维蛋白)以及退化细胞占主导地位。在滋养层中定位有绒毛的残余部分。在完整的细胞滋养层细胞中可区分出4种类型(分化程度较低、分化良好、海绵滋养层样和富含糖原的细胞滋养层细胞)。它们被解释为同一细胞群体的不同发育阶段。——合体滋养层在许多地方中断;只能观察到碎片。然后细胞滋养层细胞或细胞间物质可能形成与绒毛间隙的边界。