Sanders Richard D, Keshavan Matcheri S
VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Highland Drive Division, and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2002 Jan;7(1):18-29. doi: 10.1053/scnp.2002.28986.
The direct physical examination of psychiatric patients is underutilized by clinicians and underinvestigated by researchers. Both clinicians and researchers thus bypass important information. The authors review the literature on physical and neurologic examinations, with attention to aspects of these examinations that might specifically enhance the understanding of the psychiatric patient. Coverage includes the "minor" physical anomalies and "soft" neurologic signs. Findings related to the psychiatric conditions themselves are given precedence over findings of general medical importance. Some of the available physical and neurologic examination schedules are reviewed. A unified examination protocol is presented, incorporating physical and neurologic examinations pertinent to both general medical and specifically psychiatric assessment.
临床医生对精神科患者的直接体格检查利用不足，研究人员对其研究也不够深入。因此，临床医生和研究人员都忽略了重要信息。作者回顾了有关体格检查和神经学检查的文献，重点关注这些检查中可能特别有助于增进对精神科患者理解的方面。涵盖内容包括“轻微”身体异常和“软性”神经体征。与精神疾病本身相关的发现优先于具有一般医学重要性的发现。文中还回顾了一些现有的体格检查和神经学检查方案。本文提出了一个统一的检查方案，纳入了与一般医学评估和精神科专项评估相关的体格检查和神经学检查。
