采用R方法估计赫里福德牛、吉尔维牛和夏洛来牛的加性和非加性遗传方差。

Estimation of additive and nonadditive genetic variances in Hereford, Gelbvieh, and Charolais by Method R.

作者信息

Duangjinda M, Bertrand J K, Misztal I, Druet T

机构信息

Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2771, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2001 Dec;79(12):2997-3001. doi: 10.2527/2001.79122997x.

DOI:10.2527/2001.79122997x

PMID:11811452

Abstract

Parameters for direct and maternal dominance were estimated in models that included non-additive genetic effects. The analyses used weaning weight records adjusted for age of dam from populations of Canadian Hereford (n = 467,814), American Gelbvieh (n = 501,552), and American Charolais (n = 314,552). Method R estimates of direct additive genetic, maternal additive genetic, permanent maternal environment, direct dominance, and maternal dominance variances as a proportion of the total variance were 23, 12, 13, 19, and 14% in Hereford; 27, 7, 10, 18, and 2% in Gelbvieh; and 34, 15, 15, 23, and 2% in Charolais. The correlations between direct and maternal additive genetic effects were -0.30, -0.23, and -0.47 in Hereford, Gelbvieh, and Charolais, respectively. The correlations between direct and maternal dominance were -0.38, -0.02, and -0.04 in Hereford, Gelbvieh, and Charolais, respectively. Estimates of inbreeding depression were -0.20, -0.18, and -0.13 kg per 1% of inbreeding for Hereford, Gelbvieh, and Charolais, respectively. Estimates of the maternal inbreeding depression were -0.01, -0.02, and -0.02 kg, respectively. The high ratio of direct dominance to additive genetic variances provided some evidence that direct dominance effects should be considered in beef cattle evaluation. However, maternal dominance effects seemed to be important only for Hereford cattle.

摘要

在包含非加性遗传效应的模型中估计了直接优势和母体优势参数。分析使用了根据加拿大赫里福德牛（n = 467,814）、美国盖尔威牛（n = 501,552）和美国夏洛来牛（n = 314,552）群体中母牛年龄调整后的断奶体重记录。方法R估计的直接加性遗传、母体加性遗传、永久母体环境、直接显性和母体显性方差占总方差的比例在赫里福德牛中分别为23%、12%、13%、19%和14%；在盖尔威牛中分别为27%、7%、10%、18%和2%；在夏洛来牛中分别为34%、15%、15%、23%和2%。赫里福德牛、盖尔威牛和夏洛来牛中直接加性遗传效应与母体加性遗传效应之间的相关性分别为-0.30、-0.23和-0.47。赫里福德牛、盖尔威牛和夏洛来牛中直接显性与母体显性之间的相关性分别为-0.38、-0.02和-0.04。赫里福德牛、盖尔威牛和夏洛来牛每1%近亲繁殖的近亲繁殖衰退估计值分别为-0.20、-0.18和-0.13千克。母体近亲繁殖衰退估计值分别为-0.01、-0.02和-0.02千克。直接显性方差与加性遗传方差的高比例提供了一些证据，表明在肉牛评估中应考虑直接显性效应。然而，母体显性效应似乎仅对赫里福德牛很重要。