Sear Rebecca, Steele Fiona, McGregor Ian A, Mace Ruth
Department of Anthropology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Demography. 2002 Feb;39(1):43-63. doi: 10.1353/dem.2002.0010.
We analyzed data that were collected continuously between 1950 and 1974 from a rural area of the Gambia to determine the effects of kin on child mortality. Multilevel event-history models were used to demonstrate that having a living mother, maternal grandmother, or elder sisters had a significant positive effect on the survival probabilities of children, whereas having a living father, paternal grandmother, grandfather, or elder brothers had no effect. The mother's remarriage to a new husband had a detrimental effect on child survival, but there was little difference in the mortality rates of children who were born to monogamous or polygynous fathers. The implications of these results for understanding the evolution of human life-history are discussed.
我们分析了1950年至1974年间从冈比亚农村地区持续收集的数据,以确定亲属关系对儿童死亡率的影响。使用多层次事件史模型表明,有健在的母亲、外祖母或姐姐对儿童的生存概率有显著的积极影响,而有健在的父亲、祖母、祖父或哥哥则没有影响。母亲与新丈夫再婚对儿童生存有不利影响,但一夫一妻制或一夫多妻制父亲所生孩子的死亡率几乎没有差异。讨论了这些结果对理解人类生命史演变的意义。