Jemmott L S
Center for Urban Health Research, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, USA.
J Natl Black Nurses Assoc. 2000 Jan;11(1):4-14.
Adolescence is normally a healthy period of life. For some young people it is a period of experimentation with risky behavior. For others, it marks the development of habitual risk behaviors that persist into adulthood. Of special concern is adolescent involvement with sexual behaviors that increase the risk of infection with HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Nurses who work with adolescents are seeing an increase in STDs, including HIV infection occurring disproportionately among African-American adolescents. Although the use of condoms can reduce the risk of these sexually transmitted diseases, most sexually active adolescents do not consistently use condoms. This paper will discuss the scope of the problem of STDs, especially HIV infection among African-American adolescents. It will describe the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework for designing interventions to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV and other STDs. Finally, it will provide strategies for nurses to intervene by empowering African-American adolescents to reduce their risk for sexually transmitted HIV infection.
青春期通常是人生中的一个健康阶段。对一些年轻人来说,这是一个尝试危险行为的时期。对另一些人而言,它标志着持续到成年期的习惯性危险行为的形成。特别令人担忧的是青少年参与性行为,这增加了感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病(STD)的风险。与青少年打交道的护士发现性传播疾病的发病率在上升,包括艾滋病毒感染在非裔美国青少年中不成比例地发生。尽管使用避孕套可以降低这些性传播疾病的风险,但大多数有性行为的青少年并没有始终如一地使用避孕套。本文将讨论性传播疾病问题的范围,特别是非裔美国青少年中的艾滋病毒感染情况。它将把计划行为理论描述为设计干预措施以减少艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病性传播的一个框架。最后,它将为护士提供干预策略,通过增强非裔美国青少年的能力来降低他们感染性传播艾滋病毒的风险。