Redon Christophe, Pilch Duane, Rogakou Emmy, Sedelnikova Olga, Newrock Kenneth, Bonner William
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2002 Apr;12(2):162-9. doi: 10.1016/s0959-437x(02)00282-4.
Two of the nucleosomal histone families, H3 and H2A, have highly conserved variants with specialized functions. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the roles of two of the H2A variants, H2AX and H2AZ. H2AX is phosphorylated on a serine four residues from the carboxyl terminus in response to the introduction of DNA double-strand breaks, whether these breaks are a result of environmental insult, metabolic mistake, or programmed process. H2AZ appears to alter nucleosome stability, is partially redundant with nucleosome remodeling complexes, and is involved in transcriptional control.
核小体组蛋白家族中的两个家族，H3和H2A，具有功能特殊的高度保守变体。最近的研究已开始阐明两种H2A变体H2AX和H2AZ的作用。响应于DNA双链断裂的引入，H2AX在其羧基末端的四个残基处的丝氨酸上发生磷酸化，无论这些断裂是环境损伤、代谢错误还是程序性过程的结果。H2AZ似乎会改变核小体稳定性，与核小体重塑复合物部分冗余，并参与转录调控。
