Neuropsychiatric aspects of Sotos syndrome. A review and two case illustrations.

Sotos syndrome, also known as cerebral gigantism, is a rare growth disorder first described by Sotos and colleagues in 1964. Since then, a majority of the literature pertaining to Sotos syndrome has focussed on the medical aspects of the syndrome, while neuropsychiatric issues have been given little attention. The present article presents a review of the current knowledge concerning neuropsychiatric aspects of Sotos syndrome. Information is provided relating to physical appearance, intellectual impairment, learning disabilities, language impairments, behavioural disorders and outcome. It is emphasised that careful delineation of neuropsychiatric aspects within a diagnostic syndrome may turn out to be the first step towards molecular characterisation of behaviour.