放松音乐：音乐家与非音乐家对所选音乐录音评分的比较

Wolfe David E, O'Connell Audree S, Waldon Eric G

University of the Pacific, USA.

J Music Ther. 2002 Spring;39(1):40-55. doi: 10.1093/jmt/39.1.40.

The purpose of this study was to determine the kinds of musical selections/CDs to place in a portfolio to be used within a music listening/relaxation program for parents of children in a pediatric hospital. A panel of experts (4 music therapy graduate students and 2 music therapy instructors) listened to a selection of CD recordings (n = 10) which reported to contain music for relaxation. These 10 recordings were chosen based either on words within the title suggestive of sedative/relaxing music, or the literature (booklet) accompanying the CD that contained claims of such therapeutic value. Average number of selections across the 10 recordings was 9.8 with a total of 98 musical selections presented to the panel. A 1 1/2-minute segment from each selection (starting at the beginning of each piece) was played on a stereo CD unit, and time was given to complete a response form following each of the musical selections. The panel was asked to rate the relaxation quality of each piece, and to specify the musical characteristics that enhanced and/or distracted from relaxation. Weekly listening sessions of 40-50 minutes in duration were scheduled across a 10-week time period. Based on the results of the experts, 10 of the 98 musical selections were chosen for presentation to a group of nonmusicians. Again, as with the experts, the nonmusicians listened to 1 1/2-minute segments from each selection and completed a response form similar to the form completed by the panel. Additional questions asked the nonmusicians whether they listened to music for relaxation, and if so, what kind(s) of music they preferred to use for this purpose. Results from the panel of experts and nonmusicians were compiled, and descriptive statistics were used to compare the data. Suggestions were given concerning possible inclusion of musical recordings that may be used in a music listening/ relaxation program for parents of children within a pediatric setting.

本研究的目的是确定要放入文件夹中的音乐选集/CD种类，该文件夹将用于儿童医院为患儿家长开展的音乐聆听/放松项目。一个专家小组（4名音乐治疗专业研究生和2名音乐治疗教师）聆听了一系列CD录音（n = 10），这些录音据称包含用于放松的音乐。这10张录音的选取依据要么是标题中暗示有镇静/放松作用的词汇，要么是CD附带的文献（小册子）中声称具有此类治疗价值的内容。10张录音中的选集平均数量为9.8，总共向专家小组展示了98首音乐选集。从每首选集（从每首曲子开头开始）选取1分半钟的片段，通过立体声音响播放，每段音乐播放后留出时间让专家填写一份反馈表。要求专家小组对每首曲子的放松效果进行评分，并指出增强和/或干扰放松效果的音乐特征。在10周的时间里安排了每周时长为40 - 50分钟的聆听环节。根据专家的评估结果，从98首音乐选集中选出10首展示给一组非专业音乐人。同样，和专家一样，这些非专业音乐人聆听了每首选集1分半钟的片段，并填写一份与专家小组填写的表格类似的反馈表。另外还询问了这些非专业音乐人是否会为了放松而听音乐，如果是，他们为此更喜欢哪种类型的音乐。汇总了专家小组和非专业音乐人的结果，并使用描述性统计方法对数据进行比较。针对儿科环境中可能用于为患儿家长开展的音乐聆听/放松项目的音乐录音的收录提出了建议。