Montironi Rodolfo, Mazzucchelli Roberta, Scarpelli Marina
Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;963:169-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04108.x.
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is composed of dysplastic cells with a luminal cell phenotype, expressing the androgen receptor as well as prostate-specific antigen. PIN is characterized by progressive abnormalities of phenotype that are intermediate between normal prostatic epithelium and cancer, indicating impairment of cell differentiation and regulatory control with advancing stages of carcinogenesis. High-grade PIN is considered the most likely precursor of prostatic carcinoma, according to virtually all available evidence. Androgen deprivation decreases the prevalence and extent of PIN and the degree of capillary vascularization (e.g., angiogenesis) in the surrounding stroma via suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor production. Prostatic carcinoma is also likely to arise from precursor lesions other than high-grade PIN such as low-grade PIN, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, malignancy-associated foci, and atrophy.
前列腺上皮内瘤变（PIN）由具有管腔细胞表型的发育异常细胞组成，表达雄激素受体以及前列腺特异性抗原。PIN的特征是表型逐渐出现异常，介于正常前列腺上皮和癌症之间，表明随着致癌过程的进展，细胞分化和调控受到损害。根据几乎所有现有证据，高级别PIN被认为是前列腺癌最可能的前体。雄激素剥夺通过抑制血管内皮生长因子的产生，降低了PIN的患病率和范围以及周围基质中的毛细血管血管化程度（例如，血管生成）。前列腺癌也可能起源于除高级别PIN之外的其他前体病变，如低级别PIN、非典型腺瘤样增生、恶性相关病灶和萎缩。
