Landers John, Goldberg Ivan, Graham Stuart L
Eye Associates, Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002 Aug;30(4):242-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1442-9071.2002.00528.x.
As a multifactorial disease, glaucoma may be associated with pressure-dependent and pressure-independent factors. Ocular hypertension (OHT) may develop into primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) for many patients. Groups with OHT and POAG were compared for pressure-dependent and independent risk factors. A high prevalence of any factor(s) could indicate a contribution to progression from OHT to POAG.
A sample of patients with POAG (n = 438) and with OHT (n = 301) were selected from those attending a tertiary referral private glaucoma practice, and data were collected regarding age and intraocular pressure at the time of diagnosis, sex, family history of glaucoma, systemic hypertension, diabetes, Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine and myopia.
After multivariate analysis, older age at time of diagnosis (chi(2)(5) = 73.89, P < 0.001), myopia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-2.2; P < 0.05), a family history of glaucoma (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3; P < 0.01) and a high intraocular pressure (chi(2)(4) = 16.96; P = 0.002) were found to be more prevalent among those with POAG. No other significant differences could be found between the two groups.
Patients who have OHT may be at higher risk of developing POAG if they also have myopia, a family history of glaucoma or are of older age.
青光眼作为一种多因素疾病，可能与眼压依赖性和非眼压依赖性因素相关。许多高眼压症（OHT）患者可能会发展为原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）。对高眼压症和原发性开角型青光眼患者的眼压依赖性和非依赖性危险因素进行了比较。任何因素的高患病率都可能表明其对从高眼压症进展为原发性开角型青光眼有影响。
从一家三级转诊私立青光眼诊所的就诊患者中选取了原发性开角型青光眼患者样本（n = 438）和高眼压症患者样本（n = 301），收集了诊断时的年龄、眼压、性别、青光眼家族史、系统性高血压、糖尿病、雷诺现象、偏头痛和近视等数据。
多因素分析后发现，诊断时年龄较大（χ²(5) = 73.89，P < 0.001）、近视（优势比[OR] = 1.5，95%置信区间[CI] 1.0 - 2.2；P < 0.05）、青光眼家族史（OR = 1.6，95% CI 1.1 - 2.3；P < 0.01）和高眼压（χ²(4) = 16.96；P = 0.002）在原发性开角型青光眼患者中更为普遍。两组之间未发现其他显著差异。
患有高眼压症的患者如果同时患有近视、有青光眼家族史或年龄较大，则患原发性开角型青光眼的风险可能更高。
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