Alpard Scott K, Zwischenberger Joseph B
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Chest Surg Clin N Am. 2002 May;12(2):355-78, vii. doi: 10.1016/s1052-3359(02)00002-9.
The use of extracorporeal technology to accomplish gas exchange with or without cardiac support is based on the premise that "lung rest" facilitates repair and avoids the baso- or volutrauma of mechanical ventilator management. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a modified form of cardiopulmonary bypass, has been shown to decrease mortality of neonatal, pediatric and adult respiratory failure and is capable of total gas exchange. In neonates, over 20,638 patients have been treated with an overall survival of 77% in a population thought to have 78% mortality.
使用体外技术在有或没有心脏支持的情况下完成气体交换，其前提是“肺休息”有助于修复并避免机械通气管理中的气压伤或容积伤。体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）是心肺转流术的一种改良形式，已被证明可降低新生儿、儿童和成人呼吸衰竭的死亡率，并且能够进行完全气体交换。在新生儿中，超过20638名患者接受了治疗，在被认为死亡率为78%的人群中，总体生存率为77%。
