Kerzel Dirk
General and Experimental Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Str. 10F, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
Exp Brain Res. 2002 Aug;145(3):340-50. doi: 10.1007/s00221-002-1126-5. Epub 2002 Jun 14.
When observers are asked to judge the first position of a moving object, displacements of the judged onset in the direction of and in the direction opposite to the motion have been reported. These errors have been referred to as the Fröhlich illusion and the onset repulsion effect, respectively. To resolve the apparent contradiction between these results, a number of experimental parameters were investigated. Displacement in the direction opposite to motion was only observed when observers pointed to the onset of a slowly moving target. At higher velocities, no displacement with pointing was observed. In contrast, relative judgements of motion onset were accurate at slow velocities, but displaced in the direction of motion at fast velocities. Whether the target moved on a linear or circular trajectory did not alter the results. In one experiment, a dissociation between perceptual and memory-based judgements was found. Overall, the experimental task determined whether displacement in the direction of or in the direction opposite to motion occurred.
当要求观察者判断移动物体的初始位置时，已报告了判断起始点在运动方向上和与运动方向相反方向上的位移。这些误差分别被称为弗勒利希错觉和起始排斥效应。为了解决这些结果之间明显的矛盾，研究了一些实验参数。只有当观察者指向缓慢移动目标的起始点时，才观察到与运动方向相反的位移。在较高速度下，未观察到指向时的位移。相比之下，运动起始点的相对判断在低速时是准确的，但在高速时沿运动方向发生位移。目标是沿直线还是圆形轨迹移动并没有改变结果。在一项实验中，发现了基于感知和记忆的判断之间的分离。总体而言，实验任务决定了是在运动方向上还是在与运动方向相反的方向上发生位移。
