Bay Esther, Hagerty Bonnie M, Williams Reg A, Kirsch Ned, Gillespie Brenda
Michigan State University, Dearborn, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2002;34(3):221-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2002.00221.x.
To test whether chronic stress, interpersonal relatedness, and cognitive burden could explain depression after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
A nonprobability sample of 75 mild-to-moderately injured TBI survivors and their significant others, were recruited from five TBI day-rehabilitation programs. All participants were within 2 years of the date of injury and were living in the community.
During face-to-face interviews, demographic information, and estimates of brain injury severity were obtained and participants completed a cognitive battery of tests of directed attention and short-term memory, responses to the Perceived Stress Scale, Interpersonal Relatedness Inventory, Sense of Belonging Instrument, Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale;.
Chronic stress was significantly and positively related to post-TBI depression. Depression and postinjury sense of belonging were negatively related. Social support and results from the cognitive battery did not explain depression.
Postinjury chronic stress and sense of belonging were strong predictors of postinjury depression and are variables amenable to interventions by nurses in community health, neurological centers, or rehabilitation clinics. Future studies are needed to examine how these variables change over time during the recovery process.
检验慢性应激、人际关系亲密度和认知负担是否能够解释创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后的抑郁情况。
从五个TBI日间康复项目中招募了75名轻度至中度受伤的TBI幸存者及其重要他人作为非概率样本。所有参与者均在受伤日期后的2年内，且居住在社区中。
在面对面访谈中，获取了人口统计学信息和脑损伤严重程度评估结果，参与者完成了一系列认知测试，包括定向注意力和短期记忆测试、感知压力量表、人际关系亲密度量表、归属感量表、神经行为功能量表以及流行病学研究中心抑郁量表。
慢性应激与TBI后的抑郁显著正相关。抑郁与受伤后的归属感呈负相关。社会支持和认知测试结果无法解释抑郁情况。
受伤后的慢性应激和归属感是受伤后抑郁的强有力预测因素，并且是社区健康、神经科中心或康复诊所的护士可以进行干预的变量。未来需要开展研究，以考察这些变量在恢复过程中如何随时间变化。
