Allensworth E M
Int Migr Rev. 1997 Summer;31(2):386-410.
"This study addresses the following questions: Are Mexican immigrants closing the earnings gap with greater time in the United States, compared to U.S.-born Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites? What factors are most important in determining their earnings? How are earnings determinants different for women versus men, and those who came to the United States as children, versus those who came as adults and those born in the United States?... With greater time in the United States, male immigrants achieve average earnings comparable to U.S.-born Mexican Americans, but not to non-Hispanic whites, controlling for human capital variables. With greater time in the United States, female immigrants approach the number of hours of paid work of U.S.-born women, but not the earnings received per hour. Gains in earnings associated with age, time in the United States, and English proficiency differ by gender, reflecting structural differences in the labor market."
与在美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人以及非西班牙裔白人相比，墨西哥移民在美国居住时间越长，是否正在缩小收入差距？决定他们收入的最重要因素是什么？对于女性与男性而言，以及对于那些儿童时期来到美国的人与成年后来到美国的人以及在美国出生的人来说，收入决定因素有何不同？……在美国居住时间越长，男性移民的平均收入与在美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人相当，但与非西班牙裔白人相比则不然，同时控制了人力资本变量。在美国居住时间越长，女性移民的有偿工作时长接近在美国出生的女性，但每小时的收入却并非如此。与年龄、在美国的时间以及英语熟练程度相关的收入增长因性别而异，这反映了劳动力市场的结构差异。
