美拉尼西亚地区的临时与永久人口流动：以瓦努阿图为例的研究

Temporary versus permanent population mobility in Melanesia: a case study from Vanuatu.

作者信息

Haberkorn G

出版信息

Int Migr Rev. 1992 Fall;26(3):806-42.

Abstract

"Melanesia's urban population tripled from...7 percent of the region's total population in 1955 to 20 percent by 1985. The recency and magnitude of this development...virtually rules out natural population growth as the principal cause behind this process of rapid urbanization and suggests massive internal population mobility as the most likely cause....This article argues that much of the alleged continued predominance of circular mobility owes more to its underlying operationalizations, ways of measurement, and theoretical conceptualizations than reflects contemporary reality. This argument is substantiated by an analysis of recent developments in Vanuatu mobility set in the local and historical conditions of migration from the island of Paama.... Evidence for this mobility change is derived from a comparative analysis of lifetime mobility histories of urban and rural Paamese men and women."

摘要

美拉尼西亚的城市人口增长了两倍，从1955年占该地区总人口的7%增至1985年的20%。这一发展的近期情况和规模……实际上排除了自然人口增长是这一快速城市化进程背后的主要原因，并表明大规模的国内人口流动是最有可能的原因……本文认为，所谓的循环流动持续占主导地位，更多是由于其潜在的操作方法、测量方式和理论概念，而非反映当代现实。对瓦努阿图人口流动近期发展情况的分析，结合帕马岛移民的当地和历史条件，证实了这一论点……这种人口流动变化的证据来自对帕马岛城乡男女终身流动历史的比较分析。