Wright John W, Reichert Jennifer R, Davis Christopher J, Harding Joseph W
Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Washington State University, PO Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2002 Aug;26(5):529-52. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00019-2.
The brain renin-angiotensin system mediates several classic physiologies including body water balance, maintenance of blood pressure, cyclicity of reproductive hormones and sexual behaviors, and regulation of pituitary gland hormones. In addition, angiotensin peptides have been implicated in neural plasticity and memory. The present review initially describes the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the roles of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the maintenance and degradation of the ECM. It is the ECM that appears to permit synaptic remodeling and thus is critical to the plasticity that is presumed to underlie mechanisms of memory consolidation and retrieval. The interrelationship among long-term potentiation (LTP), CAMs, and synaptic strengthening is described, followed by the influence of angiotensins on LTP. There is strong support for an inhibitory influence by angiotensin II (AngII) and a facilitory role by angiotensin IV (AngIV), on LTP. Next, the influences of AngII and IV on associative and spatial memories are summarized. Finally, the impact of sleep deprivation on matrix metalloproteinases and memory function is described. Recent findings indicate that sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment is accompanied by a lack of appropriate changes in matrix metalloproteinases within the hippocampus and neocortex as compared with non-sleep deprived animals. These findings generally support an important contribution by angiotensin peptides to neural plasticity and memory consolidation.
脑肾素-血管紧张素系统介导多种经典生理功能，包括机体水平衡、血压维持、生殖激素的周期性变化及性行为，以及垂体激素的调节。此外，血管紧张素肽与神经可塑性和记忆有关。本综述首先描述细胞外基质（ECM）以及细胞黏附分子（CAMs）、基质金属蛋白酶和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂在ECM维持和降解中的作用。似乎正是ECM允许突触重塑，因此对于被认为是记忆巩固和提取机制基础的可塑性至关重要。描述了长时程增强（LTP）、CAMs和突触强化之间的相互关系，随后阐述了血管紧张素对LTP的影响。有充分证据支持血管紧张素II（AngII）对LTP有抑制作用，而血管紧张素IV（AngIV）有促进作用。接下来，总结了AngII和IV对联想记忆和空间记忆的影响。最后，描述了睡眠剥夺对基质金属蛋白酶和记忆功能的影响。最近的研究结果表明，与未睡眠剥夺的动物相比，睡眠剥夺引起的记忆损害伴随着海马体和新皮质内基质金属蛋白酶缺乏适当变化。这些研究结果总体上支持血管紧张素肽对神经可塑性和记忆巩固有重要作用。
