Draper William M
California Department of Health Services, Sanitation and Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley 94704, USA.
Analyst. 2002 Oct;127(10):1370-4. doi: 10.1039/b205890c.
Rotenone and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, so-called "synergized" rotenone, are invaluable in fisheries management where they are used to protect the habitat of endangered, native species and promote desirable gamefish populations. Continued use of synergized rotenone is threatened by inadequate control of persistence in surface water, especially where drinking water supplies are impacted. The photochemical kinetics of these chemicals were studied in the laboratory with a goal to better understand their fate in natural water. Disappearance quantum yields (phi) were determined in polychromatic light from fluorescent lamps emitting maximally at 350 nm. Rotenone, PBO and trifluralin, an actinometer, were irradiated as aqueous solutions at 25 or 50 microg L(-1) and the piscicides were determined by electrospray-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS). In the photoreactor rotenone and PBO photodegraded with first-order half-lives of 500 and 220 min, respectively, and corresponding quantum yields of 0.00015 and 0.034. Rotenone absorbs sunlight strongly, while PRO does not. Differences in spectal overlap tended to counteract the disparities in phi and, in general, mathematical modeling indicates moderately rapid direct photolysis rates for both substances in surface water.
鱼藤酮与胡椒基丁醚（PBO）的混合物，即所谓的“增效”鱼藤酮，在渔业管理中具有重要价值，可用于保护濒危本地物种的栖息地并促进理想游钓鱼类种群的增长。地表水持久性控制不足正威胁着增效鱼藤酮的持续使用，尤其是在饮用水供应受到影响的地区。在实验室中研究了这些化学物质的光化学动力学，目的是更好地了解它们在天然水中的归宿。在最大发射波长为350 nm的荧光灯发出的多色光中测定了消失量子产率（φ）。将鱼藤酮、PBO和作为光量计的氟乐灵以25或50 μg L⁻¹的水溶液形式进行辐照，并通过电喷雾液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（ESI - LC - MS）测定杀鱼剂。在光反应器中，鱼藤酮和PBO发生光降解，其一级半衰期分别为500分钟和220分钟，相应的量子产率分别为0.00015和0.034。鱼藤酮对阳光有强烈吸收，而PBO则没有。光谱重叠的差异往往会抵消量子产率的差异，总体而言，数学模型表明这两种物质在地表水中的直接光解速率适中。
