Eysker M, van Aarle D, Kooyman F N J, Nijzink A M, Orsel K, Ploeger H W
Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80,165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vet Parasitol. 2002 Dec 11;110(1-2):93-100. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00312-6.
In autumn 2000, a study was carried out on 25 dairy farms in the vicinity of Utrecht with the aim to estimate infectivity levels for nematode parasites in cows. On each farm, faecal samples were collected from 15 cows, blood samples from 5 of these and herbage samples from 2 cow pastures. Faecal examination demonstrated a variation between farms and within farms in faecal egg output with a mean number of 4 eggs/g faeces (EPG) and Ostertagia spp. and Cooperia oncophora being the dominant species. In 6 out of 21 farms examined, lungworm larvae were detected in at least 1 cow. Serum pepsinogen values and serology using ELISA's with crude adult Ostertagia, crude adult C. oncophora and a specific recombinant C. oncophora protein as antigens indicated low to moderate infection levels. Pasture infectivity levels varied between farms with again Ostertagia spp. and C. oncophora as the dominant larval types and correlated with the crude worm Ostertagia ELISA, the crude worm Cooperia ELISA and the pepsinogen values. Exposure levels were high enough to enable the possible occurrence of production losses on the majority of farms.
2000年秋，在乌得勒支附近的25个奶牛场开展了一项研究，旨在评估奶牛体内线虫寄生虫的感染水平。在每个农场，采集了15头奶牛的粪便样本、其中5头牛的血液样本以及2个奶牛牧场的牧草样本。粪便检查表明，各农场之间以及农场内部的粪便虫卵排出量存在差异，平均每克粪便含4个虫卵（EPG），优势虫种为奥斯特线虫属和牛库珀线虫。在接受检查的21个农场中，有6个农场至少在1头奶牛体内检测到肺线虫幼虫。以粗制奥斯特线虫成虫、粗制牛库珀线虫成虫和一种特定的重组牛库珀线虫蛋白作为抗原，采用ELISA法检测血清胃蛋白酶原值和进行血清学检测，结果显示感染水平为低到中度。各农场之间的牧场感染水平有所不同，优势幼虫类型同样为奥斯特线虫属和牛库珀线虫，且与粗制奥斯特线虫ELISA、粗制牛库珀线虫ELISA以及胃蛋白酶原值相关。暴露水平高到足以使大多数农场可能出现生产损失。
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